Śrīmad Bhagavad-gītā Hidden Treasure of the Sweet Absolute by Śrīla Bhakti Rakṣak Śrīdhar Dev-Goswāmī Mahārāj
CHAPTER ONE
Sainya-darśana
Observing the Armies
~~~
[1]
dhṛtarāṣṭra uvācha
dharma-kṣetre kuru-kṣetre, samavetā yuyutsavaḥ
māmakāḥ pāṇḍavāś chaiva, kim akurvata sañjaya
dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ uvācha–Dhṛtarāṣṭra said: {he} sañjaya–O Sañjaya; dharma-kṣetre kuru-kṣetre–at the holy land of Kurukṣetra; māmakāḥ–Duryodhana and party; pāṇḍavāḥ cha–and Yudhiṣṭhira and party; samavetāḥ–who assembled; yuyutsavaḥ–desirous of battle; eva–thereafter; akurvata kim–did what?
1 Dhṛtarāṣtra said: O Sañjaya, what happened when my sons and the sons of Pāṇḍu assembled for battle at the holy place of Kurukṣetra?
~~~
sañjaya uvācha
dṛṣṭvā tu pāṇḍavānīkaṁ, vyūḍhaṁ duryodhanas tadā
āchāryam upasaṅgamya, rājā vachanam abravīt [2]
sañjayaḥ uvācha–Sañjaya said: tadā tu–Then; rājā duryodhanaḥ–King Duryodhana; dṛṣṭvā–having seen; pāṇḍava-anīkam–the soldiers of the Pāṇḍavas; vyūḍham–arrayed in military formation; abravīt–spoke; vachanam–the following words; upasaṅgamya– approaching; āchāryam–Droṇāchārya.
2 Sañjaya said: Seeing the Pāṇḍavas’ soldiers and armies arrayed for battle, King Duryodhana approached Droṇāchārya and said:
~~~
paśyaitāṁ pāṇḍu-putrāṇām, āchārya mahatīṁ chamūm
vyūḍhāṁ drupada-putreṇa, tava śiṣyeṇa dhīmatā [3]
{he} āchārya–O respected teacher; paśya–please observe; etām mahatīm–this great; chamūm–army of seven akṣauhiṇīs {one akṣauhiṇī is 21,870 chariots, 21,870 elephants, 65,610 horses, and 109,350 foot-soldiers}; pāṇḍu-putrāṇām–of the Pāṇḍavas; vyūḍhām– arranged in military formation; tava dhīmatā śiṣyeṇa–by your intelligent disciple; drupada-putreṇa–Dhṛṣṭadyumna, the son of Drupada.
3 O my teacher, please observe the great armies of the Pāṇḍavas, arranged in military formation by your brilliant disciple, Dhṛṣṭadyumna.
~~~
atra śūrā maheṣvāsā, bhīmārjuna-samā yudhi
yuyudhāno virāṭaś cha, drupadaś cha mahā-rathaḥ [4]
dhṛṣṭaketuś chekitānaḥ, kāśirājaś cha vīryavān
purujit kuntibhojaś cha, śaibyaś cha nara-puṅgavaḥ [5]
yudhāmanyuś cha vikrānta, uttamaujāś cha vīryavān
saubhadro draupadeyāś cha, sarva eva mahā-rathāḥ [6]
atra–In this phalanx; {santi}–are; sūrāḥ–warriors; maheṣvāsāḥ–great archers; bhīmaarjuna- samāḥ–comparable to Bhīma and Arjuna; yudhi–in battle; {yathā}–such as; yuyudhānaḥ–Sātyaki; cha–and; virāṭaḥ–King Virāṭa; mahā-rathaḥ drupadaḥ cha– and the great warrior Drupada; dhṛṣtaketuḥ–Dhṛṣtaketu; chekitānaḥ–King Chekitāna; vīryavān kāśirājaḥ cha–and the powerful King of Kāśī; purujit–Purujit; kuntibhojaḥ cha–and Kuntibhoja; nara-puṅgavaḥ śaibyaḥ cha–and the noble King Śaibya; vikrāntaḥ yudhāmanyuḥ cha–and valiant Yudhāmanyu; vīryavān uttamaujāḥ cha– heroic Uttamaujā; saubhadraḥ–Abhimanyu; draupadeyāḥ cha–and the sons of Draupadī; eva–indeed; sarva mahā-rathāḥ–all great warriors.
4-6 Among these soldiers are the expert archers Bhīma, Arjuna and others equally skilled in battle, like Sātyaki, King Virāṭa, the great fighter Drupada, Dhṛṣṭaketu, Chekitāna, the mighty hero Kāśirāja, Purujit, Kuntibhoja, the noble King Śaibya, the valiant Yudhāmanyu, the herioc Uttamaujā, Abhimanyu, and the sons of Draupadī. They are all great warriors, indeed.
~~~
asmākaṁ tu viśiṣṭā ye, tān nibodha dvijottama
nāyakā mama sainyasya, saṁjñārthaṁ tān bravīmi te [7]
{he} dvija-uttama–O Droṇāchārya, best of the twice-born; nibodha–kindly consider;
tān–those; asmākam–of us; tu ye viśiṣṭāḥ–who are the prominent; nāyakāḥ–commanders;
mama sainyasya–of my armies. bravīmi–I speak; te–to you; tān–of them;
saṁjñā-artham–by name.
7 O best of the twice-born, please consider, too, the foremost
amongst us, the commanders of my armies. I submit
their names before you:
~~~
bhavān bhīṣmaś cha karṇaś cha, kṛpaś cha samiti.jayaḥ
aśvatthāmā vikarṇaś cha, saumadattir jayadrathaḥ [8]
anye cha bahavaḥ śūrā, mad-arthe tyakta-jīvitāḥ
nānā-śastra-praharaṇāḥ, sarve yuddha-viśāradāḥ [9]
bhavān–Your respected self; bhīṣmaḥ cha–Bhīṣma; karṇaḥ cha–and Karṇa; samiti.jayaḥ kṛpaḥ cha–Kṛpa, who is victorious in battle; aśvatthāmā–Aśvatthāmā; vikarṇaḥ cha–Vikarṇa; saumadattiḥ–Bhūriśravā; jayadrathaḥ–Jayadratha; anye cha bahavaḥ śūrāḥ–and many other warriors; {santi}–are present; nānā-śastra-praharaṇāḥ– armed with various weapons; sarve–all; yuddha-viśāradāḥ–skilled in battle; tyaktajī vitāḥ–and prepared to sacrifice their lives; mad-arthe–for my sake.
8, 9 Firstly there is your respected self, then Bhīṣma, Karṇa, the ever victorious Kṛpāchārya, Aśvatthāmā, Vikarṇa, Bhūriśravā, Jayadratha and many other heroes skilled in the art of warfare, all armed with various weapons and prepared to lay down their very lives for me.
~~~
aparyāptaṁ tad asmākaṁ, balaṁ bhīṣmābhirakṣitam
paryāptaṁ tv idam eteṣāṁ, balaṁ bhīmābhirakṣitam [10]
asmākam tat balam–That strength of our army; bhīṣma-abhirakṣitam–protected by Bhīṣma; {bhāti}–appears; aparyāptam–unlimited {or insufficient}; tu–but; idam balam– the strength of this army; eteṣām–of theirs; bhīma-abhirakṣitam–protected by Bhīma; {bhāti}–appears; paryāptam–limited {or sufficient} [both interpretations are possible].
10 The strength of our army, headed by Bhīṣma, seems inestimable, yet the strength of the Pāṇḍavas’ army, protected by Bhīma, is estimable.
~~~
ayaneṣu cha sarveṣu, yathā-bhāgam avasthitāḥ
bhīṣmam evābhirakṣantu, bhavantaḥ sarva eva hi [11]
bhavantaḥ–You; sarve eva hi–all indeed; abhirakṣantu–may support; bhīṣmam eva– Bhīṣma; sarveṣu ayaneṣu cha–at all points of entrance into the formation; avasthitāḥ {santaḥ}–being situated; yathā-bhāgam–at your posts.
11 Now take up your posts at the strategic points of the formation in support of Bhīṣma.
~~~
tasya sañjanayan harṣaṁ, kuru-vṛddhaḥ pitāmahaḥ
siṁha-nādaṁ vinadyochchaiḥ, śaṅkhaṁ dadhmau pratāpavān [12]
pratāpavān–The hero; kuru-vṛddhaḥ-pitāmahaḥ–the venerable ‘grandfather’ Bhīṣma; siṁha-nādam vinadya–roaring like the lion; śaṅkham dadhmau–then blew his conchshell; uchchaiḥ–very loudly; tasya harṣam sañjanayan–for the pleasure of Duryodhana.
12 Then, with a war-cry like the roar of a lion, the venerable elder, Bhīṣma, loudly blew his conchshell to encourage Duryodhana.
~~~
tataḥ śaṅkhāś cha bheryaś cha, paṇavānaka-gomukhāḥ
sahasaivābhyahanyanta, sa śabdas tumulo ’bhavat [13]
tataḥ–Thereafter; śaṅkhāḥ cha bheryaḥ cha paṇava-ānaka gomukhāḥ–conchshells, kettledrums, hand-drums, bugles and other instruments; sahasā eva abhyahanyanta– were immediately sounded. saḥ śabdaḥ–That sound; tumulaḥ abhavat–was tumultuous.
13 At once there arose a tumultuous vibration of conch- shells, kettledrums, hand-drums, bugles and the resounding of many instruments.
~~~
tataḥ śvetair hayair yukte, mahati syandane sthitau
mādhavaḥ pāṇḍavaś chaiva, divyau śaṅkhau pradadhmatuḥ [14]
tataḥ–Thereafter; mādhavaḥ pāṇḍavaḥ cha eva–both Śrī Kṛṣṇa and Arjuna; sthitau– situated; mahati syandane–in a magnificent chariot; śvetaiḥ hayaiḥ yukte–yoked with white horses; pradadhmatuḥ–sounded; divyau śaṅkhau–divine conchshells.
14 Then Lord Śrī Kṛṣṇa and Arjuna, in a magnificent chariot drawn by white horses, blew their divine conch- shells.
~~~
pāñchajanyaṁ hṛṣīkeśo, devadattaṁ dhanañjayaḥ
pauṇḍraṁ dadhmau mahā-śaṅkhaṁ, bhīma-karmā vṛkodaraḥ [15]
hṛṣīkeśaḥ–Śrī Kṛṣṇa; dadhmau–sounded; pā.chajanyam–the Pā.chajanya; dhanañjayaḥ–Arjuna {sounded}; devadattam–the Devadatta; {cha}–and; bhīmakarmā vṛkodaraḥ–the performer of mighty tasks, Bhīmasena {sounded}; mahāśaṅ kham–the great conchshell; pauṇḍram–named Pauṇḍra.
15 Hṛṣīkeśa blew His conchshell Pā.chajanya; Dhanañjaya sounded his, the Devadatta; and Bhīmsena, the performer of mighty tasks, blew the conchshell Pauṇḍra.
~~~
anantavijayaṁ rājā, kuntī-putro yudhiṣṭhiraḥ
nakulaḥ sahadevaś cha, sughoṣa-maṇipuṣpakau [16]
kuntī-putraḥ rājā yudhiṣṭhiraḥ–King Yudhiṣṭhira, the son of Kuntī; {dadhmau}– sounded; anantavijayam–the Anantavijaya; nakulaḥ sahadevaḥ cha–and Nakula and Sahadeva {sounded}; sughoṣa-maṇipuṣpakau–the conchshells named Sughoṣa and Maṇipuṣpaka.
16 King Yudhiṣṭhira, the son of Kuntī, blew the Anantavijaya, while Nakula and Sahadeva blew the conchshells Sughoṣa and Maṇipuṣpaka.
~~~
kāśyaś cha parameṣv-āsaḥ, śikhaṇḍī cha mahā-rathaḥ
dhṛṣṭadyumno virāṭaś cha, sātyakiś chāparājitaḥ [17]
drupado draupadeyāś cha, sarvaśaḥ pṛthivī-pate
saubhadraś cha mahā-bāhuḥ, śaṅkhān dadhmuḥ pṛthak pṛthak [18]
{he} pṛthivī-pate–O lord of the earth, Dhṛtarāṣṭra; kāśyaḥ cha–the King of Kāśī; parama-iṣu-āsaḥ–skilled in bowmanship; mahā-rathaḥ śikhaṇḍī cha–and the great warrior, Śikhaṇḍī; dhṛṣṭadyumnaḥ virāṭaḥ cha–Dhṛṣṭadyumna and King Virāṭa; cha– and; aparājitaḥ–the unconquerable; sātyakiḥ–Sātyaki; drupadaḥ–King Drupada; draupadeyāḥ cha–the sons of Draupadī; mahā-bāhuḥ saubhadraḥ cha–and the mighty Abhimanyu; sarvaśaḥ–all; dadhmuḥ–sounded; pṛthak pṛthak śaṅkhān– their respective conchshells.
17, 18 O lord of the earth, the skilled archer Kāśirāja, the great warrior Śikhaṇḍī, Dhṛṣṭadyuma, King Virāṭa, the unconquerable Sātyaki, King Drupada, the sons of Draupadī, and the mighty son of Subhadrā, Abhimanyu— all blew their conchshells.
~~~
sa ghoṣo dhārtarāṣṭrāṇāṁ, hṛdayāni vyadārayat
nabhaś cha pṛthivīṁ chaiva, tumulo ’bhyanunādayan [19]
saḥ tumulaḥ ghoṣaḥ–That tumultuous sound; abhyanunādayan–echoing; pṛthivīm cha nabhaḥ cha eva–throughout the land and heavens; vyadārayat–rent, pierced; hṛdayāni–the hearts; dhārtarāṣṭrāṇām–of the sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra.
19 Resounding throughout the land and heavens, the tremendous vibration of those conchshells pierced the hearts of the sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra.
~~~
atha vyavasthitān dṛṣṭvā, dhārtarāṣṭrān kapi-dhvajaḥ
pravṛtte śastra-sampāte, dhanur udyamya pāṇḍavaḥ
hṛṣīkeśaṁ tadā vākyam, idam āha mahī-pate [20]
{he} mahī-pate–O King; atha–thereafter; pravṛtte {sati}–at the time for commencing; śastra-sampāte–the casting of weapons; kapi-dhvajaḥ pāṇḍavaḥ–Arjuna of the Hanumān flag; dhārtarāṣṭrān vyavasthitān dṛṣṭvā–having seen the sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra arrayed before him ready for battle; tadā–at that time; dhanuḥ udyamya–taking up his bow; āha–spoke; idam vākyam–these words; hṛṣīkeśam–to Śrī Kṛṣṇa.
20 O King, as the battle was about to commence, Arjuna, whose chariot was adorned with the flag of Hanumān, seeing Duryodhana and his army poised for battle, took up his bow and said to Śrī Kṛṣṇa:
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arjuna uvācha
senayor ubhayor madhye, rathaṁ sthāpaya me ’chyuta [21]
yāvad etān nirīkṣe ’haṁ, yoddhu-kāmān avasthitān
kair mayā saha yoddhavyam, asmin raṇa-samudyame [22]
yotsyamānān avekṣe ’haṁ, ya ete ’tra samāgatāḥ
dhārtarāṣṭrasya durbuddher, yuddhe priya-chikīrṣavaḥ [23]
arjunaḥ uvācha–Arjuna said: {he} achyuta–O Achyuta; sthāpaya–please place; me ratham–my chariot; madhye–between; ubhayoḥ senayoḥ–both armies; yāvat– so that; aham–I; nirīkṣe–can observe; yoddhu-kāmān avasthitān etān–these warriors desirous of battle; kaiḥ saha–with whom; mayā yoddhavyam–I have to fight; asmin raṇa-samudyame–on this battlefield; aham–and I; avekṣe–may see; {tān} yotsyamānān–the warriors; atra yuddhe–in this battle; ete ye samāgatāḥ–who have come; priya-chikīrṣavaḥ–as well-wishers; durbuddheḥ dhārtarāṣṭrasya–of wicked Duryodhana.
21-23 O Kṛṣṇa, please place my chariot between the two armies so I may observe the warriors with whom I must contend on this battlefield, and who have come to fight for the satisfaction of the wicked Duryodhana.
~~~
sañjaya uvācha
evam ukto hṛṣīkeśo, guḍākeśena bhārata
senayor ubhayor madhye, sthāpayitvā rathottamam [24]
bhīṣma-droṇa-pramukhataḥ, sarveṣāṁ cha mahīkṣitām
uvācha pārtha paśyaitān, samavetān kurūn iti [25]
sañjayaḥ uvācha–Sañjaya said: {he} bhārata–O Dhṛtarāṣṭra; evam uktaḥ {san}– this being spoken; guḍākeśena–by Arjuna, the conqueror of sleep; hṛṣīkeśaḥ–Śrī Kṛṣṇa; sthāpayitvā–placing; ratha-uttamam–the grand chariot; ubhayoḥ senayoḥ madhye–between both armies; {purataḥ}–before; bhīṣma-droṇa-pramukhataḥ– Bhīṣma, Droṇa and company; sarveṣām cha mahī-kṣitām–and all the chieftains; uvācha iti–spoke thus: {he} pārtha–O Arjuna; paśya–behold; samavetān etān kurūn–these assembled Kurus.
24, 25 Sañjaya said: O descendant of Bharata, after the vigilant Arjuna spoke these words, Śrī Kṛṣṇa, the Lord of the perceptions of all living beings, drew the grand chariot between both armies, before Bhīṣma, Droṇa and all the chieftains of the earth. The Lord then said: O Pārtha, behold the Kauravas assembled here for battle!
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tatrāpaśyat sthitān pārthaḥ, pit`n atha pitāmahān
āchāryān mātulān bhrāt`n, putrān pautrān sakhīṁs tathā
śvaśurān suhṛdaś chaiva, senayor ubhayor api [26]
atha–Thereafter; eva–certainly; pārthaḥ–Arjuna; api apaśyat–could also see; sthitān– situated; tatra–there; {madhye}–within; ubhayoḥ senayoḥ–both armies; pit`n–paternal elders; pitāmahān–grandfathers; āchāryān–teachers; mātulān–maternal elders; bhrāt`n–brothers; putrān–sons; pautrān–grandsons; sakhīn–friends; tathā śvaśurān– fathers-in-law; suhṛdaḥ cha–and well-wishers.
26 There, within both armies, Arjuna saw paternal and maternal elders, grandfathers, teachers, brothers, sons, grandsons, fathers-in-law, friends and other well-wishers.
~~~
tān samīkṣya sa kaunteyaḥ, sarvān bandhūn avasthitān
kṛpayā parayāviṣṭo, viṣīdann idam abravīt [27]
samīkṣya–Seeing; tān sarvān bandhūn–all these kinsmen; avasthitān–present; {tatra}–on the battlefield; saḥ kaunteyaḥ–that son of Kuntī; parayā kṛpayā āviṣṭaḥ– overwhelmed with great compassion; viṣīdan {san}–and being grief-stricken; idam abravīt–spoke thus.
27 Seeing his kinsmen present on the battlefield, Arjuna, the son of Kuntī, was grief-stricken and overcome with pity. He said:
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arjuna uvācha
dṛṣṭvemān svajanān kṛṣṇa, yuyutsūn samavasthitān
sīdanti mama gātrāṇi, mukhaṁ cha pariśuṣyati [28]
arjunaḥ uvācha–Arjuna said: {he} kṛṣṇa–O Kṛṣṇa; dṛṣṭvā–seeing; imān svajanān– all these friends and relatives; samavasthitān–assembled; yuyutsūn–and desirous of battle; mama gātrāṇi–my body; sīdanti–feels exhausted; mukham cha pariśuṣyati– and my mouth is becoming dry.
28 O Kṛṣṇa, seeing all these relatives and friends assembled and eager for battle, the strength is draining from my limbs and my mouth feels parched.
~~~
vepathuś cha śarīre me, roma-harṣaś cha jāyate
gāṇḍīvaṁ sraṁsate hastāt, tvak chaiva paridahyate [29]
me śarīre–In my body; vepathuḥ–are tremors; cha–and; romaharṣaḥ–bodily hairs standing on end; cha jāyate–is also occuring. gāṇḍīvam–The bow Gāṇḍīva; sraṁsate– is slipping; hastāt–from my hand; tvak cha–and my skin; paridahyate eva–burns too.
29 I am trembling and the hairs on my body are standing on end, my skin is burning and I am losing grip of my Gāṇḍīva bow.
~~~
na cha śaknomy avasthātuṁ, bhramatīva cha me manaḥ
nimittāni cha paśyāmi, viparītāni keśava [30]
{he} keśava–O Śrī Kṛṣṇa; cha–and; {aham}–I; na śaknomi–am unable to; avasthātum cha–compose myself any longer; iva–as; me manaḥ–my mind; bhramati–is flickering; paśyāmi cha–and I see; viparītāni nimittāni–bad omens.
30 O Keśava, I cannot maintain my composure any longer. My mind is disturbed and I see bad omens.
~~~
na cha śreyo ’nupaśyāmi, hatvā svajanam āhave
na kāṅkṣe vijayaṁ kṛṣṇa, na cha rājyaṁ sukhāni cha [31]
{he} kṛṣṇa–O Kṛṣṇa; na anupaśyāmi cha–nor do I see; śreyaḥ–any good; svajanam hatvā–in killing my kinsmen; āhave–in battle. {aham}–I; vijayam na kāṅkṣe– desire neither victory; na cha rājyam cha sukhāni–nor the enjoyment of a kingdom.
31 I do not see any good in killing my kinsmen in this battle. O Kṛṣṇa, I have no wish for victory or to enjoy a kingdom.
~~~
kiṁ no rājyena govinda, kiṁ bhogair jīvitena vā
yeṣām arthe kāṅkṣitaṁ no, rājyaṁ bhogāḥ sukhāni cha [32]
ta ime ’vasthitā yuddhe, prāṇāṁs tyaktvā dhanāni cha
āchāryāḥ pitaraḥ putrās, tathaiva cha pitāmahāḥ [33]
mātulāḥ śvaśurāḥ pautrāḥ, śyālāḥ sambandhinas tathā
etān na hantum ichchhāmi, ghnato ’pi madhusūdana [34]
{he} govinda–O Śrī Kṛṣṇa; kim naḥ rājyena–of what value is our kingdom; kim vā bhogaiḥ jīvitena–and what is the need of its royal pleasures, or life itself; yeṣām arthe–if those for whom; naḥ–our; rājyam bhogāḥ sukhāni cha–kingdom with its pleasures and enjoyable objects; kāṅkṣitam–is desirable; te ime–all these; āchāryaḥ–teachers; pitaraḥ–fatherly elders; putrāḥ–sons; tathā eva cha–and also even; pitāmahāḥ–grandfathers; mātulāḥ–maternal uncles; śvaśurāḥ–fathers-in-law; pautrāḥ–grandsons; śyālāḥ–brothers-in-law; tathā sambandhinaḥ–and other relatives; yuddhe avasthitāḥ–are present on the battlefield; tyaktvā–risking; dhanāni prāṇān cha–their wealth and lives? {he} madhusūdana–{Therefore,} O Madhusū dana; ghnataḥ api–though I may be killed by them; na ichchhāmi–I do not wish; etān hantum–to kill them.
32 – 34 O Govinda, if those for whom we desire all this—teachers, paternal and maternal elders, sons, grandfathers, fathers-in-law, grandsons, brothers-in-law and other relatives—are about to risk their wealth and lives in battle, of what value is our kingdom and its royal pleasures, or even life itself? O Madhusūdana, I do not wish to kill them even though I, myself, may be killed.
~~~
api trailokya-rājyasya, hetoḥ kiṁ nu mahī-kṛte
nihatya dhārtarāṣṭrān naḥ, kā prītiḥ syāj janārdana [35]
{he} janārdana–O Śrī Kṛṣṇa; kā prītiḥ syāt–what happiness can be possible; naḥ–for us; nihatya–by killing; dhārtarāṣṭrān–the sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra; trailokya rājyasya hetoḥ api–for the sovereignty of even the three worlds; mahī-kṛte kim nu–not to speak of ruling the earth?
35 O Janārdana, even if we gain sovereignty over the three worlds, not to speak of ruling the earth, how can we be happy if we kill the sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra? pāpam evāśrayed asmān, hatvaitān ātatāyinaḥ
~~~
pāpam evāśrayed asmān, hatvaitān ātatāyinaḥ
tasmān nārhā vayaṁ hantuṁ, dhārtarāṣṭrān svabāndhavān
svajanaṁ hi kathaṁ hatvā, sukhinaḥ syāma mādhava [36]
{he} mādhava–O Mādhava; pāpam eva–only sin; āśrayet–will enter; asmān–us; hatvā–by killing; etān ātatāyinaḥ–these adversaries. tasmāt–Therefore; vayam–we; na arhāḥ–are wrong; hantum–to kill; svabāndhavān–our own family members; dhārtarāṣṭrān–the sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra. svajanam hatvā hi–By killing our kinsmen; katham–how; {vayam} syāma–can we be; sukhinaḥ–happy?
36 Only sin will befall us if we slay our teachers and guardians, though they be our adversaries. We cannot take the lives of our own relatives, the sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra. O Mādhava, how can we be happy by killing our kinsmen?
~~~
yadyapy ete na paśyanti, lobhopahata-chetasaḥ
kula-kṣaya-kṛtaṁ doṣaṁ, mitra-drohe cha pātakam [37]
kathaṁ na jñeyam asmābhiḥ, pāpād asmān nivartitum
kula-kṣaya-kṛtaṁ doṣaṁ, prapaśyadbhir janārdana [38]
{he} janārdana–O Janārdana, Kṛṣṇa; yadyapi ete–although these persons; lobhaupahata- chetasaḥ {santaḥ}–their hearts being afflicted with greed; pātakam na paśyanti–do not see the sin; mitra-drohe–of betraying one’s friends; cha–and; kulakṣ aya-kṛtam doṣam–the sin of destroying the dynasty; {tathāpi}–nonetheless; katham– how; na jñeyam–should it not be known; asmābhiḥ–by us; nivartitum–to refrain; asmāt pāpāt–from this sinful act; prapaśyadbhiḥ–clearly seeing; kula-kṣaya-kṛtam doṣam–the evil of destroying the dynasty?
37-38 Athough they, overwhelmed with greed, cannot see the sin of betraying one’s friends and destroying the dynasty, O Janārdana, how can we not refrain from this heinous act, being in full knowledge of the consequences?
~~~
kula-kṣaye praṇaśyanti, kula-dharmāḥ sanātanāḥ
dharme naṣṭe kulaṁ kṛtsnam, adharmo ’bhibhavaty uta [39]
kula-kṣaye–With the decline of the dynasty; sanātanāḥ–the traditional; kuladharmāḥ– religious practices of the dynasty; praṇaśyanti–are destroyed. dharme naṣṭe {sati}–When religious practices are lost; adharmaḥ–irreligion; abhibhavati–overcomes; kṛtsnam uta kulam–the entire dynasty.
39 With the decline of the dynasty, its religious traditions are lost. When religious practices are lost, irreligion overcomes the entire dynasty.
~~~
adharmābhibhavāt kṛṣṇa, praduṣyanti kula-striyaḥ
strīṣu duṣṭāsu vārṣṇeya, jāyate varṇa-saṅkaraḥ [40]
{he} kṛṣṇa–O Kṛṣṇa; adharma-abhibhavāt–when the family is overcome by irreligion; kula-striyaḥ–the women of the family; praduṣyanti–are polluted. {he} vārṣṇeya–O descendant of the Vṛṣṇi dynasty; strīṣu duṣṭāsu {satsu}–when the women of the family become corrupt; jāyate–the result is; varṇa-saṅkaraḥ–adulterated progeny.
40 O Kṛṣṇa, descendant of the Vṛṣṇi dynasty, when the dynasty is thus overcome by irreligion, the women of the family become corrupt and adulterated progeny is the result.
~~~
saṅkaro narakāyaiva, kula-ghnānāṁ kulasya cha
patanti pitaro hy eṣāṁ, lupta-piṇḍodaka-kriyāḥ [41]
saṅkaraḥ–Adulterated progeny; narakāya eva {bhavati}–causes a hellish condition; kulasya kula-ghnānām cha–for both the dynasty and its destroyers. eṣām–Their; pitaraḥ–forefathers; patanti hi–surely fall; lupta-piṇḍa-udaka-kriyāḥ–due to the cessation of obsequial offerings of food and water.
41 Adulterated progeny forces both the family and its aggressors into a hellish existence. The same fate befalls their ancestors, because regular offerings of food and water to them cease.
~~~
doṣair etaiḥ kula-ghnānāṁ, varṇa-saṅkara-kārakaiḥ
utsādyante jāti-dharmāḥ, kula-dharmāś cha śāśvatāḥ [42]
etaiḥ doṣaiḥ–By such heinous acts; kula-ghnānām–of the destroyers of the dynasty; varṇa-saṅkara-kārakaiḥ–causing varṇasaṅkara, adulterated progeny; śāśvatāḥ–traditional; kula-dharmāḥ jāti-dharmāḥ cha–familial and socio-religious functions; utsādyante– are ruined.
42 Such heinous acts by the destroyers of the dynasty are the cause of adulterated progeny, ruining the culture of a civilized society and noble lineage.
~~~
utsanna-kula-dharmāṇāṁ, manuṣyāṇāṁ janārdana
narake niyataṁ vāso, bhavatīty anuśuśruma [43]
{he} janārdana–O Janārdana; {vayam} anuśuśruma–We have heard; iti–that; manuṣyāṇām–for those persons; utsanna-kula-dharmāṇām–whose family traditions have been destroyed; niyatam–constant; narake vāsaḥ–residence in hell; bhavati– occurs.
43 O Janārdana, we have heard that persons whose familial, social and religious traditions are disrupted dwell always in hell.
~~~
aho bata mahat-pāpaṁ, kartuṁ vyavasitā vayam
yad rājya-sukha-lobhena, hantuṁ svajanam udyatāḥ [44]
aho bata–Alas, what a tragedy! vayam–We; vyavasitāḥ–have resolved; kartum– to commit; mahat-pāpam–a most heinous sin. yat rājya-sukha-lobhena–Out of greed for royal pleasures; udyatāḥ–we are prepared; svajanam hantum–to slay our relatives.
44 Alas, what a grave sin we have resolved to commit! Driven by greed for trifling royal happiness, we are about to slay our own kinsmen.
~~~
yadi mām apratīkāram, aśastraṁ śastra-pāṇayaḥ
dhārtarāṣṭrā raṇe hanyus, tan me kṣemataraṁ bhavet [45]
yadi–If; dhārtarāṣṭrāḥ–the sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra; śastra-pāṇayaḥ–equipped with weapons; hanyuḥ–kill; mām–me; aśastram–unarmed; apratīkāram–and unresisting; raṇe–in battle; tat–that; bhavet–will be; kṣemataram–more auspicious; me–for me.
45 If, unarmed and unresisting, I am killed on this battlefield by the armed sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra, that will be more auspicious for me.
~~~
sañjaya uvācha
evam uktvārjunaḥ saṅkhye, rathopastha upāviśat
visṛjya sa-śaraṁ chāpaṁ, śoka-saṁvigna-mānasaḥ [46]
sañjayaḥ uvācha–Sañjaya said: arjunaḥ–Arjuna; evam uktvā–having thus spoken; saṅkhye–on the battlefield; visṛjya–casting aside; chāpam–bow; sa-śaram–and arrows; upāviśat–sat down; ratha-upasthaḥ–on the chariot; śoka-saṁvigna-mānasaḥ–his heart heavy with sorrow.
46 Sañjaya said: There, on the battlefield, speaking these words, Arjuna cast aside his bow and arrows and sat down on the chariot, his heart filled with sadness.
~~~
iti śrī-mahābhārate śata-sāhasryāṁ saṁhitāyāṁ vaiyāsikyāṁ
bhīṣma-parvaṇi śrīmad-bhagavad-gītāsūpaniṣatsu brahmavidyāyāṁ
yoga-śāstre śrī-kṛṣṇārjuna-saṁvāde sainyadarśanaṁ
nāma prathamo ’dhyāyaḥ [1]
End of Chapter One
Observing the Armies
from the conversation of Śrī Kṛṣṇa and Arjuna in Śrīmad Bhagavad-Gītā Upaniṣad, the Yoga Scripture of Transcendental Knowledge in Bhīṣma Parva of Śrī Mahābhārata, the Holy Scripture revealed by Śrīla Vyāsadeva in a hundred thousand verses.
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i got prabhu..:)
hare krsna!